Negligent security is a form of premises liability where property owners or managers can be held legally responsible for failing to provide adequate security measures that protect visitors, tenants, or customers from harm. If a property lacks proper security, and an individual is injured due to criminal activity or other safety hazards, the property owner may be held liable for those injuries.

Negligent security claims commonly arise in settings such as apartment complexes, parking lots, hotels, bars, and businesses. In these environments, inadequate lighting, broken security cameras, or the lack of security personnel can create unsafe conditions that put people at risk.

Understanding negligent security is crucial for property owners and businesses. The failure to take appropriate precautions can lead to costly lawsuits, damage to your reputation, and potential financial liability. The legal consequences can be severe if it’s proven that harm could have been prevented with reasonable security measures.

Common Causes of Negligent Security Claims

Inadequate Lighting

Poor lighting is one of the most frequent factors contributing to negligent security claims. Dimly lit parking lots, walkways, and building entrances can create an environment where criminal activity thrives, as it becomes easier for perpetrators to act without being detected. Inadequate lighting can also increase the likelihood of accidents, such as trips or falls, adding to the property owner’s liability.

Lack of Security Personnel

In high-risk areas, such as nightclubs, shopping centers, or large apartment complexes, the absence of security personnel can leave the property vulnerable to crimes like theft, assault, or vandalism. Failure to provide security guards or other personnel where they are necessary can lead to legal claims if a visitor or resident is harmed due to a preventable incident.

Defective or Missing Security Equipment

Broken locks, malfunctioning security cameras, or missing alarm systems are other frequent causes of negligent security claims. These safety measures are essential for deterring crime and protecting individuals on the property. If security equipment is not properly maintained or installed, property owners can be held responsible for harm that occurs as a result of these deficiencies.

Failure to Warn

Property owners and managers have a duty to inform tenants, customers, or visitors about known risks in dangerous areas. This includes placing warning signs in areas where there may be hazards or heightened risks of criminal activity. Failure to provide adequate warning can lead to liability if someone is injured as a result of the property owner's inaction.

Neglecting to Respond to Previous Incidents

When a property has experienced prior incidents of crime or security breaches, it’s the owner’s responsibility to take appropriate measures to prevent future occurrences. This may involve increasing security, installing additional cameras, or improving lighting. Failure to respond adequately to past incidents signals a disregard for safety, increasing the risk of liability if another crime or injury occurs on the property.

Legal Standards for Negligent Security in Michigan

Duty of Care for Property Owners

In Michigan, property owners are legally required to provide a reasonably safe environment for visitors, tenants, and customers. This obligation is part of the broader concept of premises liability, which holds property owners accountable for any harm that occurs due to unsafe conditions. The level of care required varies depending on the nature of the property and the relationship between the owner and the visitor. For example:

• A business owner is expected to take proactive steps to ensure the safety of their customers.
• A landlord has a responsibility to maintain a secure environment for tenants. Failure to meet this duty of care by neglecting basic security measures can result in liability if someone is harmed on the property.

Foreseeability of Harm

When courts assess a negligent security claim, one of the main factors they consider is whether the harm was foreseeable. This means that the property owner could have reasonably predicted that someone might be harmed based on prior events or the characteristics of the area. Foreseeability is often established by examining:

• Past incidents: If there have been previous crimes or security breaches on the property or in the surrounding area, it may be deemed foreseeable that similar events could happen again.
• Nature of the location: Certain environments, such as high-crime neighborhoods, bars, or nightclubs, inherently carry more risks. Property owners in these locations are expected to implement additional security measures to address foreseeable threats.

If the court determines that harm was foreseeable and the property owner failed to act, they may be held liable for negligence.

Reasonable Security Measures

The standard for what constitutes reasonable security can vary depending on the type of property and the risks associated with it. Courts will examine whether the property owner implemented sufficient security measures based on the circumstances. Common examples of reasonable security include:

• Gated entryways or controlled access: Apartment complexes or hotels might be expected to have secured entrances that restrict unauthorized access.
• Adequate lighting: Properties should be well-lit in high-traffic areas, including parking lots, entrances, and walkways, to deter crime and reduce the risk of accidents.
• Security personnel: High-risk locations, such as nightclubs, shopping centers, or large residential complexes, may need on-site security guards to ensure safety.
• Functioning security equipment: Property owners should maintain working security cameras, locks, and alarm systems to prevent incidents and respond quickly if they occur.

Ultimately, courts will evaluate whether the property owner’s security measures were reasonable given the specific risks of the property. If these measures were found lacking, the property owner could be held liable in a negligent security claim.

Steps to Protect Your Property from Negligent Security Claims

Conduct Regular Risk Assessments

One of the most important steps property owners can take is to conduct regular risk assessments. Evaluating your property’s security needs is essential for identifying vulnerabilities and areas that require improvement.

• Review past incident reports: Look at crime statistics or previous security breaches that have occurred on your property or in the surrounding area. This helps assess the likelihood of future incidents.
• Consider the nature of the property: Different properties have varying security requirements. For example, apartment complexes, hotels, or parking lots may need heightened security compared to low-traffic commercial properties.

Install Adequate Security Equipment

Ensuring that security equipment is installed and properly maintained is critical for both preventing incidents and defending against potential claims.

• Security cameras: Install cameras in high-traffic areas such as entrances, parking lots, and common spaces. Make sure they are functional, regularly monitored, and cover key areas where criminal activity might occur.
• Lighting: Proper outdoor and indoor lighting deters crime and reduces the risk of accidents. Make sure walkways, parking areas, and entrances are well-lit, especially at night.
• Locks and alarms: Ensure that doors, gates, and windows have sturdy locks, and install alarm systems to prevent unauthorized entry. Regular maintenance is essential to ensure that all equipment is functioning properly.

Hire Trained Security Personnel

In high-risk areas, such as nightclubs, shopping centers, or large residential complexes, hiring trained security personnel can be an effective way to protect both your property and the people on it. Professional security personnel:

• Deter criminal activity: The presence of uniformed guards or trained personnel can discourage potential criminal acts.
• Respond to incidents: Security personnel can act quickly in case of emergencies, addressing the situation before it escalates and ensuring that proper procedures are followed.

Respond to Incidents Promptly

When security breaches or criminal incidents occur, it’s critical to respond promptly and take corrective action.

• Notify law enforcement: If a crime takes place, report it to the police immediately and follow their recommendations for enhancing security.
• Review and update security procedures: After an incident, evaluate your existing security measures and address any weaknesses. This may involve adding more cameras, improving lighting, or increasing the number of security personnel.

Document Security Measures

Finally, keep detailed records of all security-related actions taken on your property. This documentation will be invaluable if you ever face a negligent security claim.

• Security assessments: Maintain a record of risk assessments and any updates made based on changing conditions.
• Repairs and maintenance: Document when security equipment (such as cameras or locks) is repaired, tested, or replaced.
• Incident reports: Keep detailed accounts of any security breaches or crimes that occur, including how they were handled and any subsequent improvements made.

What to Do If Faced with a Negligent Security Claim

Consult with an Attorney Immediately

The first and most critical step when facing a negligent security claim is to consult with an experienced attorney. An attorney specializing in premises liability will:

• Help you understand the extent of your potential liability.
• Advise you on the best defense options based on the details of the case.
• Ensure that you meet all legal deadlines and filing requirements.

Gather Evidence

Your attorney will need evidence to support your defense. It’s crucial to begin gathering documentation related to your security practices and the incident itself. Key evidence includes:

• Security footage: If you have cameras installed, make sure to save and provide any relevant footage that shows the area where the incident occurred.
• Maintenance records: Present documentation that shows your efforts to maintain security equipment, such as cameras, locks, lighting, and alarms. Proof that security systems were regularly inspected and in working order can be a strong defense.
• Incident reports: If the property has experienced previous security incidents, provide reports detailing how you responded to each case, including any security upgrades or changes you implemented afterward.

Review Security Protocols

Work with your attorney to review your current security measures and protocols to ensure they meet industry standards. This step is essential for identifying any gaps in coverage or weak points that may have contributed to the incident.

• Were cameras, lighting, and locks up-to-date and functioning properly?
• Were security personnel (if applicable) properly trained and present in high-risk areas?
• Did you conduct regular risk assessments and make necessary adjustments based on the property’s needs and past incidents?

Negotiate or Settle the Claim

In some cases, it may be in your best interest to negotiate a settlement rather than pursue costly litigation. Settling a negligent security claim can help:

• Resolve the matter quickly, avoiding the time and expense of a trial.
• Minimize financial risk, as litigation can result in larger awards if the court rules against you.
• Protect your reputation by handling the situation efficiently and fairly.

Your attorney will guide you on whether it makes sense to pursue a settlement based on the strength of the evidence, the potential damages involved, and the overall risk of litigation. In other cases, going to trial may be the best option, especially if you have strong evidence in your favor.

The Importance of Preventative Security Measures

If you are a property owner in Michigan facing a negligent security claim or seeking legal advice on how to implement effective preventative measures, Marko Law is here to assist you. Our firm has extensive experience in handling premises liability cases and is committed to protecting the interests of property owners like you.

Contact Marko Law today for a free consultation. Our experienced attorneys can help you navigate the complexities of negligent security claims, develop strategies to defend your case, and enhance your property’s security measures to prevent future issues.

Contact Information:

Phone: 1-833-MARKO-LAW or 1-313-777-7LAW
Main Office: 220 W. Congress, 4th Floor, Detroit, MI 48226
Website: www.markolaw.com